International Morse Code

For learning Morse code it is recommended to use this reference, but if you like, the dots and dashes are available too. If you click on any of the highlighted letters or symbols the Morse sound will be played.

If the duration of a dot is taken to be one unit then that of a dash is three units. The space between the components of one character is one unit, between characters is three units and between words seven units (see more on Morse code timing).

The prosigns are combinations of two letters sent together with no space in between. They are indicated here using angled brackets. The other abbreviations and Q codes are sent with the normal spacing.

The definitive references for International Morse code are Recommendation ITU-R M.1677-1 which tabulates the characters but does not include most accented characters, nor some punctuation (see notes in the tables for the exceptions) and Recommendation ITU-R M.1172 which tabulates abbreviations (with only some listed here).

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Letter Morse
A di-dah
B dah-di-di-dit
C dah-di-dah-dit
D dah-di-dit
E dit
F di-di-dah-dit
G dah-dah-dit
H di-di-di-dit
I di-dit
J di-dah-dah-dah
K dah-di-dah
L di-dah-di-dit
M dah-dah
Letter Morse
N dah-dit
O dah-dah-dah
P di-dah-dah-dit
Q dah-dah-di-dah
R di-dah-dit
S di-di-dit
T dah
U di-di-dah
V di-di-di-dah
W di-dah-dah
X dah-di-di-dah
Y dah-di-dah-dah
Z dah-dah-di-dit
Digit Morse
0 dah-dah-dah-dah-dah
1 di-dah-dah-dah-dah
2 di-di-dah-dah-dah
3 di-di-di-dah-dah
4 di-di-di-di-dah
5 di-di-di-di-dit
6 dah-di-di-di-dit
7 dah-dah-di-di-dit
8 dah-dah-dah-di-dit
9 dah-dah-dah-dah-dit
Punctuation Mark Morse
Error (also <HH>) di-di-di-di-di-di-di-dit
& Ampersand di-dah-di-di-dit
' Apostrophe di-dah-dah-dah-dah-dit
@ At sign di-dah-dah-di-dah-dit
) Bracket, close (parenthesis) dah-di-dah-dah-di-dah
( Bracket, open (parenthesis) dah-di-dah-dah-dit
: Colon dah-dah-dah-di-di-dit
, Comma dah-dah-di-di-dah-dah
= Equals sign dah-di-di-di-dah
!
Exclamation mark
dah-di-dah-di-dah-dah
. Full-stop (period) di-dah-di-dah-di-dah
- Hyphen dah-di-di-di-di-dah
× Multiplication sign (also x) dah-di-di-dah
% Percentage (literally 0/0) dah-dah-dah-dah-dah
dah-di-di-dah-dit
dah-dah-dah-dah-dah
+ Plus sign di-dah-di-dah-dit
" Quotation marks di-dah-di-di-dah-dit
? Question mark (query) di-di-dah-dah-di-dit
/ Slash dah-di-di-dah-dit
Accented Letter Morse
À Å di-dah-dah-di-dah
Ä Ą Æ di-dah-di-dah
Ć Ĉ Ç dah-di-dah-di-dit
Ch Ĥ Š dah-dah-dah-dah
Đ
É
Ę
di-di-dah-di-dit
Ð
di-di-dah-dah-dit
È Ł di-dah-di-di-dah
Ĝ dah-dah-di-dah-dit
Ĵ di-dah-dah-dah-dit
Ń Ñ dah-dah-di-dah-dah
Ó Ö Ø dah-dah-dah-dit
Ś di-di-di-dah-di-di-dit
Ŝ di-di-di-dah-dit
Þ di-dah-dah-di-dit
Ü Ŭ di-di-dah-dah
Ź dah-dah-di-di-dah-dit
Ż dah-dah-di-di-dah
Prosign
Morse
<AA> New line di-dah-di-dah
<AR> End of message (also +) di-dah-di-dah-dit
<AS> Wait (also &) di-dah-di-di-dit
<BK> Break dah-di-di-di-dah-di-dah
<BT> New paragraph (also =) dah-di-di-di-dah
<CL> Going off the air ("clear") dah-di-dah-di-di-dah-di-dit
<CT> Start copying dah-di-dah-di-dah
<DO> Change to wabun code dah-di-di-dah-dah-dah
<KA> Starting signal dah-di-dah-di-dah
<KN> Invite a specific station to transmit dah-di-dah-dah-dit
<SK> End of transmission (also <VA>) di-di-di-dah-di-dah
<SN> Understood (also <VE>) di-di-di-dah-dit
<SOS> Distress message di-di-di-dah-dah-dah-di-di-dit
Abbreviation Other Phrases
73 Best regards
88 Love and kisses
BCNU Be seeing you
CQ Call to all stations
CS Call sign (request)
CUL See you later
DE From (or "this is")
ES And
K Over (invitation to transmit)
OM Old man
R Received / Roger
RST Signal report
UR You are
Q Code
Meaning
QRL The frequency is in use
QRM Your transmission is being interfered with (1-5)
QRN I am troubled by static (1-5)
QRO Increase transmitter power
QRP Decrease transmitter power
QRQ Send faster (...words per minute)
QRS Send more slowly (...words per minute)
QRT Stop sending
QRU I have nothing for you
QRV I am ready to copy
QRX Wait
QRZ You are being called by...
QSB Your signals are fading
QSL I acknowledge receipt
QTH My location is...
Q Code
Meaning
QRL? Is the frequency in use?
QRM? Is my transmission being interfered with?
QRN? Are you troubled by static?
QRO? Shall I increase transmitter power?
QRP? Shall I decrease transmitter power?
QRQ? Shall I send faster?
QRS? Shall I send more slowly?
QRT? Shall I stop sending?
QRU? Have you anything for me?
QRV? Are you ready to copy?
QRX? Should I wait?
QRZ? Who is calling me?
QSB? Are my signals fading?
QSL? Do you acknowledge?
QTH? What is your location?